The elevators used by China Railway Tunnel Bureau in the construction of Xizang are key equipment to meet the needs of tunnel construction, bridge construction and other projects in plateau areas, which can safely transport construction personnel and materials. The following is a detailed introduction:
structural characteristics
- lifting mechanismCommon types include gear rack type and wire rope type. The gear rack elevator is driven by a motor to move gears on the rack, driving the lifting cage up and down. It has good stability, positioning, and anti fall performance; The wire rope type relies on the traction machine to pull the wire rope and achieve the lifting of the cage, which has the advantage of a large lifting height.
- Hanging cageIt is a key part that carries personnel and materials, made of high-strength steel, and has good impact resistance and protection performance. The internal space of the cage is designed according to actual needs and can accommodate multiple people, construction tools, materials, etc. At the same time, it is equipped with complete ventilation and lighting facilities to ensure the comfort of personnel riding, and has safety doors and guardrails to prevent accidental falls of personnel and materials.
- Guide rail frameTo provide guidance for the lifting and lowering of the cage, it is usually assembled from standard sections with high strength and verticality. In harsh environments such as high-altitude strong winds, it can ensure the stable operation of the hoist cage. There are also various safety devices installed on the guide rail frame, such as limit switches, anti fall safety devices, etc.
- drive systemMostly using electric drive, equipped with high-performance motors and reducers. In high-altitude low oxygen environments, motors need to have good adaptability and be able to provide stable power output. Some elevators are also equipped with backup power systems, such as batteries, to cope with sudden power outages and ensure the safe evacuation of personnel.
- Safety protection deviceEquipped with multiple safety protections, in addition to the limit switches and anti fall safety devices mentioned above, there are also buffers, overload protection devices, and rope breakage protection devices. The anti fall safety device can quickly brake in case of accidental fall of the suspension cage, while the buffer can reduce the impact force when the suspension cage reaches the ground.
working principle
Taking the gear rack elevator as an example, when the operator issues an up or down command, the control circuit starts the motor, which reduces the speed and increases the torque through the reducer, driving the gear to rotate on the rack. The rotation of the gear drives the cage connected to the gear to rise or fall along the guide rail frame. During operation, various sensors installed on the guide rail frame and suspension cage monitor the position, speed, load and other parameters of the suspension cage in real time, and feedback the data to the control system. When the cage reaches the preset limit position, or when there are abnormal situations such as overload or overspeed, the control system immediately triggers the corresponding safety protection device and stops the operation of the elevator.
Application scenarios
- Tunnel construction: In the tunnel construction in Xizang, it is used to transport the construction personnel, explosives, lining materials and other materials to different working faces in the tunnel, improve the construction efficiency, and ensure the transportation safety of personnel and materials. For example, in tunnel excavation, support, lining and other processes, elevators can quickly and accurately transport the required materials and equipment.
- bridge constructionDuring the process of bridge construction, construction equipment and materials are lifted to high-altitude work positions such as bridge piers and decks to facilitate workers in bridge erection, deck paving, and other operations.
- Other engineering assistanceFor other infrastructure construction projects in high-altitude areas, such as culvert construction, slope protection, etc., elevators can also be used for vertical transportation of personnel and materials, which is an important equipment to ensure the smooth progress of the project.
advantage
- Adapt to the high-altitude environment: Special design and configuration are carried out for the harsh climatic conditions such as low oxygen, low temperature and strong wind in the Xizang Plateau. The power system, electrical system and other key components of the equipment have been adapted to operate stably in the plateau environment.
- High securityMultiple safety protection devices and strict safety standards effectively ensure the safety of construction personnel and materials during transportation, reducing the risk of accidents, especially in complex high-altitude environments, providing reliable safety guarantees for engineering construction.
- Improve construction efficiencyIt can quickly and conveniently achieve vertical transportation of personnel and materials, reduce the time and labor intensity of manual handling, greatly improve the construction efficiency of engineering construction, and help accelerate the progress of the project.
